CALCULATION OF THE MAIN ELEMENTS OF THE ROPE-PULLEY DRIVE OF A DOWNHOLE ROD PUMPING UNIT

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Published: Tuesday, 18 April 2023 18:40
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Volume 14 (2), April 2023, Pages 10-19 

Zuleykha Eyvazova1, Rasim Khairov2

1Associate professor, PhD in technical sciences, department of “Industrial machines”, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azerbaijan. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

2Graduate student, department of “Oil-Mechanics”, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azerbaijan. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

ABSTRACT  

 The goal of minimizing oil production costs is becoming increasingly crucial in current oil production settings, particularly during the operation of oil fields in the final phases of development and the ever-expanding commissioning of difficult-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves.  Oil production practice has shown, lengthening the length of the steel pumping plant's loop needs a lower frequency of rolling, which extends the life of the well equipment and enhances pumping installation performance. The engine's weight and cost increase as the drive lengthens. The necessary characteristics made it impossible to build long-stroke balancing drives. One of the ways to solve this problem is the use of long-stroke unbalanced sucker-rod pump drives as part of pumping units, which will significantly reduce energy consumption for oil production and, accordingly, reduce the cost. The presented article shows the prospects of using unbalanced drives of sucker-rod pumping units in the operation of wells by mechanized method.

The kinematic-power diagram of the drive of the downhole rod pumping unit is shown.

A method for calculating the acting forces is given. To calculate the strength of the structure being developed, it is important to determine the change in the force acting on the suspension point of the rods. In order to carry out repair work, the goal was set to further improve the unbalanced drive WRPU (well rod pump unit). For this, a scheme was proposed for changing the fixed guide pulley to a movable one, installed on the base with the possibility of its rotation. The proposed design of the rotary pulley makes it possible to free up space above the wellhead.

Keywords: unbalanced drive, long stroke, swivel pulley, beamless drive of pumping unit, rod suspension point, crank-pulley converting mechanism.

OF THE RELIABILITY OF A TWO-WAY HYDRAULIC CYLINDER

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Published: Tuesday, 18 April 2023 18:36
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Volume 14 (2), April 2023, Pages 05-09 

Ali-Hikmat Ahmadov1, Ruslan Starchevoy2

1Associate Professor, Dean the faculty of “Oil-mechanical”, Ph.D department of “Industrial machines”, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azerbaijan. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

2Master, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azerbaijan. E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.      

ABSTRACT

 A hydraulic cylinder is a volumetric hydraulic motor that converts the energy of the fluid flow into various types of movement of the output link. The use of volumetric hydraulic drives with a hydraulic cylinder working element in all possible fields of industry does not require high capacities. One of the advantages is the ease of operation and overload protection. There are also disadvantages. For example, the hydraulic cylinder depends on the working fluid and in case of contamination it may fail, and therefore the reliability of the hydraulic cylinder decreases. In order to protect hydraulic cylinders from moisture and dirt entering them, as well as to increase their reliability, seals with dirt-removing rings are provided. When assembling or disassembling hydraulic cylinders, important conditions must be taken into account, since failure to comply with these conditions can lead to a defect. Considerable efforts have been made to the parts, so some manual operations are excluded when assembling and disassembling hydraulic cylinders. The reliability of the hydraulic cylinder and, consequently, its reliability are the main topic of the study. Hydraulic cylinders can be of translational action and rotary action. Translational ones include: piston, plunger, telescopic. Reciprocating, in turn, can be one-sided and two-sided. If it is required to create an effort in only one direction, a one-way hydraulic cylinder is designed. At the beginning of the work, a diagram of a volumetric hydraulic drive and its principle of operation is presented. Special attention is paid to assessing the reliability of the hydraulic cylinder. In conclusion, the results of the analyses and the conclusions of the calculations are given. The change in the reliability of the hydraulic cylinder over time was also indicated and the reasons for this change were named.

Keywords: Reliability, hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic drive, failure, reliability assessment, pipeline, pump, valve, operating time, hydraulic distributor.

Tом 13, Bыпуск 1 ( Февраль 2022)

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Published: Sunday, 12 February 2023 18:57
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  • Oleg Dyshin, Ibrahim Habibov, Arzu Suleymanova

  • Zenfira Huseynli, Calal Babazade

  • Lale Haciyeva, Nijat Mirzazada

  • Arzu Gasanova, Natella Sadikhova, Tebib Temurov

  •  Farid Mammadov, Lala Aliyeva

  • Naila Gasanova, Elmira Khalilova

  • Tamilla Khankishiyeva, Musfiq Omarov

  • Zenfira Huseynli, Hamid Popal

  •  Nijat Babayev

  • Zenfira Huseynli, Konul Aliyeva

  • Tamilla Khankishiyeva, Vuqar Ashiraliyev

  • Rustam Abaszada

  • Sattar Ibragimov, Rana Jamalova, Khoshqadam Yusifova                                    

  •  Lala Hajiyeva, Nijat Ahmadov

  •  Elvin Jafarov

  • Natig Abbasov, Ramin Aghayev

  • Rafail Mehdiev, Gulshad Agayeva

  • Marat  Huseynov,  Elshan  Aliyev,  Hilal Tahirli,   Tarana  Aghadiyeva

 

 

 

IRRADIATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE WITH A VACUUM UV SOURCE AND OBTAINING OF STRATOSPHERIC OZONE

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Published: Sunday, 12 February 2023 18:30
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Volume 13 (1), February 2023, Pages 150-155

Marat  Huseynov1,  Elshan  Aliyev2,  Hilal Tahirli3,   Tarana  Aghadiyeva4

1Scientist, Science Research Institute "Geotechnological problems of oil, gas and chemistry",  Azerbaijan. Email id: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

2Dosent,  leading researcher, 1Scientist, Science Research Institute "Geotechnological problems of oil, gas and chemistry", Azerbaijan.   Email id: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

3Senior researcher,  Science Research Institute "Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry" of ANAS, Azerbaijan. Email id:  This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

4Scientist,  Science Research Institute "Geotechnological problems of oil, gas and chemistry", Azerbaijan. Email id:  This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

 ABSTRACT

 It has been known for more than 100 years that carbon dioxide absorbs photons in the ultraviolet and infrared ranges of radiation, creating a greenhouse effect. However, so far no one has answered the question: what is a photon?

It is known that a photon has corpuscular and wave properties, has a certain pressure. An interesting experiment was carried out when a photon was dissected using Wilson chamber and it left traces of the opposite sign. The correct conclusion was made that one trace in the Wilson chamber was left by an electron, and the other - by a positron.

There were other experiments, for example: birefringence of light in quartz crystals, Icelandic spar, etc., but there were no correct conclusions made about what a photon is.

A photon is an electric dipole, consisting of an electron and a positron charges, without a spin charge-conjugate formation, which has a dipole magnetic field.

Carbon dioxide, absorbing photons with a mass of 18.2×10-31 kg, being structured in the core, turns into triatomic oxygen, that is, into stratospheric ozone.

A photon absorbs only a carbon atom that has an excess of spins. Photons absorbed by carbon dioxide (electric dipoles) having a magnetic field interact with the magnetic force lines of the dipole magnetic field of the Earth, and as a result of such interaction, triatomic oxygen-ozone moves into the stratosphere. Stratospheric ozone is not explosive in all aggregate states and at high pressures. In the atmosphere, it enters into a nuclear interaction with neutrons emanating from the sources of future earthquakes, forming water. So, naturally, the ozone layer of the Earth is depleted, replenishing the hydrosphere.

Irradiation of CO2 and production of stratospheric ozone is a solution to the problem of climate warming. Stratospheric ozone can be widely used in the defense industry. An airship filled with stratospheric ozone will be much more efficient than airships filled with hydrogen or helium.

The production of stratospheric ozone from carbon dioxide is a fundamental discovery in the field of photonuclear physics.

Keywords: electric dipole, photon, carbon dioxide, stratospheric ozone, photonuclear reaction.

DOI

Volume 13, Issue 1 (February 2023)

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Published: Sunday, 12 February 2023 18:51
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  • Oleg Dyshin, Ibrahim Habibov, Arzu Suleymanova

  • Zenfira Huseynli, Calal Babazade

  • Lale Haciyeva, Nijat Mirzazada

  • Arzu Gasanova, Natella Sadikhova, Tebib Temurov

  •  Farid Mammadov, Lala Aliyeva

  • Naila Gasanova, Elmira Khalilova

  • Tamilla Khankishiyeva, Musfiq Omarov

  • Zenfira Huseynli, Hamid Popal

  •  Nijat Babayev

  • Zenfira Huseynli, Konul Aliyeva

  • Tamilla Khankishiyeva, Vuqar Ashiraliyev

  • Rustam Abaszada

  • Sattar Ibragimov, Rana Jamalova, Khoshqadam Yusifova                                    

  •  Lala Hajiyeva, Nijat Ahmadov

  •  Elvin Jafarov

  • Natig Abbasov, Ramin Aghayev

  • Rafail Mehdiev, Gulshad Agayeva

  • Marat  Huseynov,  Elshan  Aliyev,  Hilal Tahirli,   Tarana  Aghadiyeva

 

 

 

STATISTICAL NATURE OF STRENGTH AND SCALE EFFECT IN MOUNTAIN ROCKS

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Published: Sunday, 12 February 2023 18:28
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Volume 13 (1), February 2023, Pages 141-149

Rafail Mehdiev1, Gulshad Agayeva2

1Associate Professor, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University. Research institute "Geotechnological problems of oil, gas and chemistry". Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Azerbaijan. Email id: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

2Teacher, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Azerbaijan. Research institute "Geotechnological problems of oil, gas and chemistry ".  Email id: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

 ABSTRACT

 The theories and concepts of strength considered above are based on the model of a body either as a homogeneous structureless medium, or as a material having a structure, but uniform throughout its volume. Rocks are obviously not such bodies. They are composed of mineral grains of different properties, contain macrodefects in the form of pores and various inclusions, as well as objects of various aggregate states (gases, liquids). Under these conditions, deterministic theories of strength turn out to be clearly untenable.

In particular, the use of the classical theory of Griffith cracks is complicated by the following circumstance. Since the rock is an aggregate of mineral grains, a microcrack developing inside the grain inevitably reaches its boundary and, consequently, the radius r of the crack mouth increases abruptly. Therefore, for the transition of a crack to another grain and its further development, a stress greater than that follows from Griffith's theory is required. Thus, there is some "barrier" stress, at which only the development of a crack in a real rock is possible. In addition, the development of cracks in the rock occurs mainly along the contact of mineral grains, i.e., along the cementing material, often of a clay composition. For such a material, the theory of brittle fracture is applicable.

The destruction of the rock (from the standpoint of any theory of strength) is determined by the stresses acting in it. But due to the heterogeneous structure of the rocks, the local stress concentration centers are randomly distributed in its volume. Therefore, the strength and destruction of rocks must be considered from a statistical standpoint. This approach is justified for most other materials used by humans. The idea of the statistical nature of strength was first put forward in scientific terms by A.P. Aleksandrov and N.S. Zhurkov in 1933.

Keywords: rock strength, constant material, scale effect, rocks, destruction probability, fractured, robustness theory, microcrack, mineral, experience constant, density of defects, displacement, compression.

DOI

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